A family history of diabetes determines poorer glycaemic control and younger age of diabetes onset in immigrants from the Middle East compared with native Swedes.

Immigrant populations from the Middle East develop diabetes earlier than indigenous European populations; however, the underlying etiology is poorly understood. This study looked at the risk factors associated with early diabetes onset and, in non-diabetics, glycaemic control in immigrants from Iraq compared with native Swedes

Ethnic differences in the contribution of insulin action and secretion to type 2 diabetes in immigrants from the Middle East compared to native Swedes.

We investigated insulin action (insulin sensitivity index, ISI) and insulin secretion (oral disposition indices, DIo) and studied metabolic, demographic and lifestyle-related risk factors for type 2 diabetes and insulin action, in the largest non-European immigrant group to Sweden, immigrants from Iraq and native Swedes

Experiment on Interaction-Free Measurement in Neutron Interferometry

A neutron interferometric test of interaction-free detection of the presence of an absorbing object in one arm of a neutron interferometer has been performed. Despite deviations from the ideal performance characteristics of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer it could be shown that information is obtained without interaction.Comment: 8 pages, 4 postscript figures; submitted to Phys.Lett.A; Figures contained only in replaced versio

Through Einsteins Eyes

We have developed a relativistically accurate computer graphics code, and have used it to produce photo-realistic images and videos of scenes where special relativistic effects dominate, either in astrophysical contexts or in imaginary worlds where the speed of light is only a few metres per second

Ethnicity is an independent risk indicator when estimating diabetes risk with FINDRISC scores: A cross sectional study comparing immigrants from the Middle East and native Swedes.

This study sought to compare type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk indicators in Iraqi immigrants with those in ethnic Swedes living in southern Sweden

Methane dynamics in three different Siberian water bodies under winter and summer conditions

Arctic regions and their water bodies are affected by a rapidly warming climate. Arctic lakes and small ponds are known to act as an important source of atmospheric methane. However, not much is known about other types of water bodies in permafrost regions, which include major rivers and coastal bays as a transition type between freshwater and marine environments. We monitored dissolved methane concentrations in three different water bodies (Lena River, Tiksi Bay, and Lake Golzovoye, Siberia, Russia) over a period of 2 years. Sampling was carried out under ice cover (April) and in open water (July-August). The methane oxidation (MOX) rate and the fractional turnover rate (k') in water and melted ice samples from the late winter of 2017 was determined with the radiotracer method. In the Lena River winter methane concentrations were a quarter of the summer concentrations (8 nmol L-1 vs. 31 nmol L-1), and mean winter MOX rate was low (0.023 nmol L-1 d(-1)). In contrast, Tiksi Bay winter methane concentrations were 10 times higher than in summer (103 nmol L-1 vs. 13 nmol L-1). Winter MOX rates showed a median of 0.305 nmol L-1 d(-1). In Lake Golzovoye, median methane concentrations in winter were 40 times higher than in summer (1957 nmol L-1 vs. 49 nmol L-1). However, MOX was much higher in the lake (2.95 nmol L-1 d(-1)) than in either the river or bay. The temperature had a strong influence on the MOX (Q(10) = 2.72 +/- 0.69). In summer water temperatures ranged from 7-14 degrees C and in winter from -0.7 to 1.3 degrees C. In the ice cores a median methane concentration of 9 nM was observed, with no gradient between the ice surface and the bottom layer at the ice-water interface. MOX in the (melted) ice cores was mostly below the detection limit. Comparing methane concentrations in the ice with the underlaying water column revealed methane concentration in the water column 100-1000 times higher. The winter situation seemed to favor a methane accumulation under ice, especially in the lake with a stagnant water body. While on the other hand, in the Lena River with its flowing water, no methane accumulation under ice was observed. In a changing, warming Arctic, a shorter ice cover period is predicted. With respect to our study this would imply a shortened time for methane to accumulate below the ice and a shorter time for the less efficient winter MOX. Especially for lakes, an extended time of ice-free conditions could reduce the methane flux from the Arctic water bodies

Evidence for Ultra-Diffuse Galaxy `Formation' Through Galaxy Interactions

We report the discovery of two ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs) which show clear evidence for association with tidal material and interaction with a larger galaxy halo, found during a search of the Wide portion of the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Legacy Survey (CFHTLS). The two new UDGs, NGC2708-Dw1 and NGC5631-Dw1, are faint ($M_g$=$-$13.7 and $-$11.8 mag), extended ($r_h$=2.60 and 2.15 kpc) and have low central surface brightness ($\mu(g,0)$=24.9 and 27.3 mag arcsec$^{-2}$), while the stellar stream associated with each has a surface brightness $\mu(g)$$\gtrsim$28.2 mag arcsec$^{-2}$. These observations provide evidence that the origin of some UDGs may connect to galaxy interactions, either by transforming normal dwarf galaxies by expanding them, or because UDGs can collapse out of tidal material (i.e. they are tidal dwarf galaxies). Further work is needed to understand the fraction of the UDG population `formed' through galaxy interactions, and wide field searches for diffuse dwarf galaxies will provide further clues to the origin of these enigmatic stellar systems.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures, accepted by ApJ